In Lovett v Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council [2001] EWCA Civ 12 CA, the Court of Appeal held that a clause that had been incorporated into an employee's written statement of employment particulars did not form part of his contract of employment because he had not agreed to it.
In Mears v Safecar Security Ltd [1982] IRLR 183 CA, the Court of Appeal held that, in determining an implied term, regard should be had to all the circumstances, including the way the contract had been operated in the past.